Tag Archives: Ma Danyang

Ma Danyang’s teacher leaves a poem

IMG_8174師言:祖師嘗到登州時,頂笠懸鶉 ,執一節、攜一鐵觀,狀貌奇古,乞於市肆,登州人皆不識。夜歸觀,書一絕於壁:

一別終南水竹村,
家無兄女亦無孫。
數千里外尋知友,
引入長生不死門。

明旦拂衣束邁。後數日,郡守紇石烈邈詣觀,觀其題詩,欽歎不已。乃依韻和曰:

迴首三年別故村,
都忘庭竹長兒孫。
他時拂袖尋君去,
應許安閑一叩門。

Our teacher Ma Danyang told us:

The founding teacher Wang Chongyang once went to Dengzhou¹ wearing a large bamboo hat and a patched cloak, with a bamboo staff in one hand and an iron bowl in the other. He looked like something from an old legend. He went begging in the market, and no one in Dengzhou recognized him. In the evening he returned to the monastery and wrote a poem on the wall:

I left at last
The mountains of Zhongnan²
And my village of bamboo and water
Where no family remained —
Not brother nor daughter —

To search everywhere
For a knowing friend
That I may lead him
Or her³ to the gate
Of long life without death.

The next morning he shook out his sleeves and strode away.

A few days later, the local magistrate He Shilie arrived at the monastery from afar and saw the poem on the wall. He sighed, lost in admiration. Then he composed a matching poem, keeping to the same rhyme scheme:

You look back three years
When you left your hamlet
And your house, its courtyard
of bamboo, leaving your sons
and their sons.
But a time will come when I, too
Shaking out my sleeves, will search for you.
And will you, then, give leave for me
To cast off cares and knock at your gate?

from the Discourses of Ma Danyang

  1. On the coast of Shandong.
  2. As well as the place where Wang Chongyang founded the Complete Perfection school of Daoism, the Zhongnan mountains were the location of Louguantai  (楼观台), where Laozi traditionally was held to have transmitted the Dao De Jing to Yin Xi.
  3. This is not just modern political correctness. One of Wang Chongyang’s most famous disciples was Sun Bu-er–Sun the Inimitable–who was, as it happens, the wife of Ma Danyang.

Path of Clear Stillness

師曰:清靜之道,人能辨之,則盡善盡美矣。故經云:人能常清淨,天地悉皆歸。言天地者,非外指覆載之天地也,蓋指身中之天地也。人之膈已上為天,膈已下為地。若天氣降,地脈通,上下沖和,精氣自固矣。此小任仙所說也。

Our Teacher Ma Danyang said:

The Path of Clear Stillness, if people have discernment, is completely good and beautiful. So the Classic says If a person can be always clear and quiet, Heaven and Earth will revert completely.

Here, the meaning of ‘Heaven’ and ‘Earth’ is not the heaven covering us, or the earth supporting us, but the Heaven and Earth within us, in our body. Above the diaphragm is ‘Heaven’, below the diaphragm is ‘Earth.’ If Heavenly qi can descend, the channels of Earth will open, and above and below will course together harmoniously. In this way, vitality and qi will become consolidated by themselves. Anyway, this is how Xiao Ren Xian explains it.

The “Classic” mentioned is the Qing Jing Jing (清靜經).

Who exactly Xiao Ren Xian (小任仙) might be is so far unknown.

Since when is bowing a mistake?

师在东牟道上行。僧道往来者。识与不识。必先致拜。从者疑而问之曰。彼此俱昧平生。何用拜之。师曰。道以柔弱谦下为本。况三教同门异户耳。孔子言。谁执鞭之士。吾亦为之。未闻一拜之为一过。

Our teacher Ma Danyang was walking on the East Mou Road where monks and Daoists were going to and fro. Whether he recognised them or not, he would take the initiative and bow to them. His followers thought this was strange and said “All of these people are deluded, and have been all their lives. What is the use in bowing to them?”
He replied: “The Dao is soft and weak and rooted in lowness and humility. Furthermore the three religions have the same door, even if the houses are different. Confucius said ‘No matter how humble, if they have the Dao I would be willing to be as they are.’ And since when is bowing to someone a mistake?”

From the Talks of Ma Danyang

Three poems by Ma Danyang 馬丹陽 (1123-1184) for the instruction of his students

示门人三首

一思一虑觉分神,怎敢留心惹绊尘。

断制万缘混是假,修完一性泱全真。

Every thought and each worry can be felt dividing the spirit
Letting the mind adhere to them risks being bound by the world.
Assay the true, distinguish from the false amongst confused conditions
And refine to completion the single essence: great complete perfection.

 

人我关头生死关,劝人推倒我人山,

人我既除心性善,自然跳出死生圈。

The issue of self is the gate of life and death
The personal self is a mountain I urge you to beat down
The real self is nothing but eliminating mind to expose the essence of goodness
The leap beyond the circle of life and death then occurs naturally.

 

欲要元初一点明,须教猿马两停停。

心清意净三丹结,虎绕龙蟠四象成。

To ignite the primal light
Teach both monkey and horse to stop
Clear the mind, settle thought, and link all three elixirs.
Then tiger circles the twisting dragon,
And all the elements unite.

 

Ma Danyang taught that avoiding leakage was a key technique, even just for basic health:

Wasted jing, extinguished spirit — these simply lead to premature death. Those who would aspire to the Dao must avoid excess in this regard.

Others, of less intelligence, quip that the span of their life is set by fate, why not enjoy it?

But the old saying warns: when the oil dries up, the lamp goes out; when the marrow is exhausted, a person dies. You must know that jing/essence is the root and basis of your body — how long does a tree last when its root is cut away?

To nourish life, first treasure the jing/essence. When the jing/essence is full, qi will flourish, and then the spirit will be hearty, the body healthy, with few illnesses. The organs inside will function perfectly, the skin outside will glow, your visage will be bright, your eyes and ears and brain sharp! And all of this from reducing the wastage of jing/essence in your youth. If you have done this, and on top of this can reduce desire altogether, you will live a good long life.

But Ma was also a healer. The Grand Compendium of Acupuncture (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng (針灸大成) by Yang Jizhou records a collection of Ma Danyang’s acupuncture methods in a section called “The Poem of Ma Dangyang’s Twelve Heavenly Star Points for The Treatment of Miscellaneous Diseases”(馬丹陽天星十二穴治雜病歌).

The poem outlines a simple method of choosing 12 points from the upper and lower limbs to treat diseases of the whole body. The 12 points are :

ST-36 Zusanli (足三里); ST-44 Neiting (內庭); L.I.-11 Quchi (曲池);

LI.-4 Hegu (合谷); BL-40 Weizhong (委中); BL-57 Chengshan (承山);

LIV-3 Taichong (太沖); BL-60 Kunlun (崑崙); GB-30 Huantiao (環跳);

GB-34; Yanglingquan (陽陵泉); HE-5 Tongli (通里); LU-7 Lieque (列缺).