Tag Archives: nourishing life

Three poems by Ma Danyang 馬丹陽 (1123-1184) for the instruction of his students

示门人三首

一思一虑觉分神,怎敢留心惹绊尘。

断制万缘混是假,修完一性泱全真。

Every thought and each worry can be felt dividing the spirit
Letting the mind adhere to them risks being bound by the world.
Assay the true, distinguish from the false amongst confused conditions
And refine to completion the single essence: great complete perfection.

 

人我关头生死关,劝人推倒我人山,

人我既除心性善,自然跳出死生圈。

The issue of self is the gate of life and death
The personal self is a mountain I urge you to beat down
The real self is nothing but eliminating mind to expose the essence of goodness
The leap beyond the circle of life and death then occurs naturally.

 

欲要元初一点明,须教猿马两停停。

心清意净三丹结,虎绕龙蟠四象成。

To ignite the primal light
Teach both monkey and horse to stop
Clear the mind, settle thought, and link all three elixirs.
Then tiger circles the twisting dragon,
And all the elements unite.

 

Ma Danyang taught that avoiding leakage was a key technique, even just for basic health:

Wasted jing, extinguished spirit — these simply lead to premature death. Those who would aspire to the Dao must avoid excess in this regard.

Others, of less intelligence, quip that the span of their life is set by fate, why not enjoy it?

But the old saying warns: when the oil dries up, the lamp goes out; when the marrow is exhausted, a person dies. You must know that jing/essence is the root and basis of your body — how long does a tree last when its root is cut away?

To nourish life, first treasure the jing/essence. When the jing/essence is full, qi will flourish, and then the spirit will be hearty, the body healthy, with few illnesses. The organs inside will function perfectly, the skin outside will glow, your visage will be bright, your eyes and ears and brain sharp! And all of this from reducing the wastage of jing/essence in your youth. If you have done this, and on top of this can reduce desire altogether, you will live a good long life.

But Ma was also a healer. The Grand Compendium of Acupuncture (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng (針灸大成) by Yang Jizhou records a collection of Ma Danyang’s acupuncture methods in a section called “The Poem of Ma Dangyang’s Twelve Heavenly Star Points for The Treatment of Miscellaneous Diseases”(馬丹陽天星十二穴治雜病歌).

The poem outlines a simple method of choosing 12 points from the upper and lower limbs to treat diseases of the whole body. The 12 points are :

ST-36 Zusanli (足三里); ST-44 Neiting (內庭); L.I.-11 Quchi (曲池);

LI.-4 Hegu (合谷); BL-40 Weizhong (委中); BL-57 Chengshan (承山);

LIV-3 Taichong (太沖); BL-60 Kunlun (崑崙); GB-30 Huantiao (環跳);

GB-34; Yanglingquan (陽陵泉); HE-5 Tongli (通里); LU-7 Lieque (列缺).

Fragrant shower

Several readers have taken me to task for, they said, being too negative. Surely health is not just about avoidance? Surely what we do is more important than what we don’t do?
I can understand  their point  of view: doing exercises to nourish  life is far more interesting than stopping up the leaks, as crucial as this is. It does put me in mind, though, of an old story told in the far west of China, in Chinese Turkestan, a tale of Afanti — the Effendi — who was either extremely wise or extremely foolish; no one could tell which.

It seems that one day Afanti was standing at the pump in the public square, pumping water into a pitcher in his hand. This went on for some time, until one of the gathering onlookers said to him: “Afanti! You will never fill that pitcher, for it has no bottom!” Afanti looked at him indignantly and said, “I am not interested in the bottom of the pitcher, I want to fill it to the top, and so I am looking at the top. Don’t distract me with irrelevancies about the bottom!”

Now that I have had my say, however, a useful technique is described in a number of traditions such as the Daoist and the Zen streams, and probably others of which I am unaware. The aim is to systematically melt away tensions in the body and mind.

The technique
Sit in a comfortable position. Standing is also possible, but is best done in the posture used at the beginning of a Tai Chi set, before any movement takes place. If you do not know what this means, better sit. Once practised with the technique, it can be done in any posture.
Now visualise a slow stream of comfortably warm and fragrant sesame oil flowing very slowly and gently down from the top of your head, dissolving any point of tension it may encounter. At first the warm fragrant liquid slowly covers every part of your head and face, melting away the tensions in your forehead, nose, eyes, ears and jaw, dissolving knots at the base of your skull and in your neck, and then pouring warmly down over your shoulders and back and chest, melting and dissolving as it goes. Its fragrant warmth then gathers briefly in the pelvis and hips before moving on into the buttocks, thighs and knees, down through the shins and calves, into the feet, where it pours into the ground.1

There are two important  points: one is that you begin to gently dissolve from the surface of the body, and over time extend this into the interior so that the organs are washed with the gentle warm fragrance of the melting sesame oil. The second is that throughout the exercise you maintain a gently straightened back and do not slouch, so that while everything is melting and pouring downward, there is still an upright centre (this is particularly important if one has low blood pressure). The effect is very much like the Tai Chi ideal: utter relaxation and flexible movement around an upright but not rigid centre.

This is an excellent prelude to a period of meditation or Tai Chi, but balance is the key: no exercise should be overindulged. It has been said that a technique like this, which is very “opening”, is best done when and where the surrounding environment is natural, supportive and beneficial, in order to absorb only the best influences. Similarly, it should not be done just prior to sleeping, but an interval allowed for the everyday self to regroup its usual — but much more relaxed! — self-image.
Another outstanding aspect of Daoist yang sheng exercise is the slow, gentle and deliberate stretching of all the major tendons in the body. Important  at any age, it becomes crucial as one gets older, as tendons stiffen and lead to imbalance throughout the structure of the body. Mindful breathing is often coupled with the slow and gentle stretching, which further relaxes the body in depth.

An excellent series of exercises for achieving this will be described in the following post about Ba Duan Jin.

Endnote

1. More on this technique can be found in the following two books: a detailed technical description in B. K. Frantzis’ Opening the Energy Gates of The Body (North Atlantic Press, 1993) and a more personal and warmer description in Wild Ivy: the spiritual autobiography of Zen Master Hakuin by Norman Waddell (Shambala, 2001).

Only three sources of energy

People often ask why they are no longer as fertile as they were in their twenties. “I mean, I am only 35, its not like I’m old or anything. Why should I be less fertile than when I was 25, or even 20?”

In attempting to answer this question over the years, a diagram emerged (below) that illustrated the situation in financial terms. This seemed to be the most understandable for people. But just by the way it also illustrated the need for yang sheng practices: practices that nourish life, regular practices that reduce the leakage of jing, qi, and shen: vital essence, energy, and spirit.

 

Three Sources of Energy diagram
Air             from           Lungs
Income                                      Food and drink       from         Spleen

Inherited Trust Fund                 Inherited jing/essence         Kidneys

 

We have only three sources of energy: the air that we breath, the food that we eat, and the inherited jing/essence which is stored in the Kidneys. It is this last which supports our growth in our mother’s womb until we are born, and then continues to support the growth of the bones of our frame until we are more or less fully grown. This inherited jing/essence then turns into our own reproductive energy. Like a family trust fund passed down the generations, intended to be preserved and increased, the jing should be employed only for reproductive purposes or for emergencies, while we live day-to-day on our ‘income’: the air and food we take in.

But we don’t.

We, like little rich kids bedazzled with our wealth, spend beyond our income, and simply borrow from our trust fund whenever we need more energy  or simply want a ‘buzz’. This in fact is the tell-tale sign that we are borrowing from the Kidney jing: instead of the normal feeling of quietly sufficient energy, we get the fine tremor, the ‘rush’, and even occasionally palpitations and insomnia when we really overdo it.
Coffee and other stimulants do not give us energy, they simply facilitate a loan from the trust fund.
This trust fund is not bottomless, however, as much as it may seem so in our 20s: we begin to notice that our hair or skin is not so shiny or resilient, we don’t heal as well as before, and in fact, we are aging.

Shock.

It’s an even greater shock when (or more like ‘if’) we ever think through the consequences of the scenario:
a) We have never lived solely on our ‘income’, and b) We have been borrowing steadily from our trust fund, but c) This is now depleted, so d) We are forced to live on our income, but e) We still spend at the same rate.

No wonder things are breaking down! And they can only break down so far, before …

The Daoists, among others, very early on saw the way this scenario played out, and decided to take steps. Over the centuries they researched and developed a variety of methods for turning this process of depletion around, starting with reducing the loss of whatever jing/essence still remains, then starting to replace it.
Kidney jing/essence can be replaced, built up again, but it is a slow process because this energy is a reservoir of concentrated potential, whose main defining characteristic is accumulation in stillness, over a long period.

Unfortunately for us, stillness over any period of time is not a feature of Western society, and lest we be consumed in the fires of our own mad activity we desperately need to learn and practise these life nourishment techniques that the Daoists (and others) have developed and preserved for us, the later generations.

As the Daoists would say, if we can extend our lifespan we might have a chance of learning something worthwhile …