Tag Archives: Taoist

Since when is bowing a mistake?

师在东牟道上行。僧道往来者。识与不识。必先致拜。从者疑而问之曰。彼此俱昧平生。何用拜之。师曰。道以柔弱谦下为本。况三教同门异户耳。孔子言。谁执鞭之士。吾亦为之。未闻一拜之为一过。

Our teacher Ma Danyang was walking on the East Mou Road where monks and Daoists were going to and fro. Whether he recognised them or not, he would take the initiative and bow to them. His followers thought this was strange and said “All of these people are deluded, and have been all their lives. What is the use in bowing to them?”
He replied: “The Dao is soft and weak and rooted in lowness and humility. Furthermore the three religions have the same door, even if the houses are different. Confucius said ‘No matter how humble, if they have the Dao I would be willing to be as they are.’ And since when is bowing to someone a mistake?”

From the Talks of Ma Danyang

Coming home a stranger

Hezhizhangpic

少小離家老大回,    

鄉音無改鬢毛

兒童相見不相識,    

笑問客從何處來。

 

Young, so young, when I left home

Now, so old, I return.

The lilt in their language

Has not changed;

It’s my beard that’s gone grey.

A man I knew when a child

Now smiles, and says :

‘Where are you from,

Stranger?’

 

The poet who wrote this, He Zhi-Zhang, lived from 659 to 744 in Zhejiang province. He was already famous in his youth for his poems and his big-hearted, broad-minded manner. He drank, joked and disputed with poets of the calibre of Li Bai and Du Fu.

He Zhi-Zhang’s easy-going manner while inebriated was portrayed in Du Fu’s poem entitled Song of the Eight Immortals at Drink.

He Zhi-Zhang was a Taoist and later disappeared into the countryside.

The thing about Jing

In a previous post we looked at jing/essence as a trust fund of inherited constitutional energy, intended to be used for procreation and emergencies only, but regularly wasted through failure to understand that:

a) it is not infinite, and

b) it can only be replaced through long-term quiet accumulation in the midst of stillness.

Jing/essence is, in fact, the power of our youth. Those with less age quickly.

Chen Zhi-Xiu (Shang Yang-Zi) quotes the Daoist acupuncturist Ma Dan-Yang about its importance:

The most precious thing people have is jing/essence, but it is very limited … [Ma] Dan-Yang says ‘Sex is worse than tigers or wolves, it destroys a person’s beauty and bearing, it ruins good actions. Wasted jing, extinguished spirit — these simply lead to premature death. Those who would aspire to the Dao must avoid [excess in this regard].’*

Chen goes on to say:

Others, of less intelligence, quip that the span of their life is set by fate, why not enjoy it? But the old saying warns: when the oil dries up, the lamp goes out; when the marrow is exhausted, a person dies. You must know that jing/essence is the root and basis of your body — how long does a tree last when its root is cut away?’ To nourish life, first treasure the jing/essence. When the jing/essence is full, qi will flourish, and then the spirit will be hearty, the body healthy, with few illnesses. The organs inside will function perfectly, the skin outside will glow, your visage will be bright, your eyes and ears and brain sharp! And all of this from reducing the wastage of jing/essence in your youth. If you have done this, and on top of this can reduce desire altogether, you will live a good long life.

It is not only ejaculation that wastes jing/essence: anything that disturbs its quiet repose and incites it to movement has already caused wastage of the jing, as it has become transformed into active energy waiting to be used. Jing is potential. Once this source has been tapped, that activated energy cannot be easily transformed back into the potential which was.

So what disturbs jing? Anything that excites desire, especially sexual desire, disturbs jing. Little desires cause little disturbance, the greater the desire, the greater the disturbance to the jing/essence. Desires modified by control are much less disrupting.

This whole concept, of course, is anathema to a consumer-driven society (or at least to the information media fueled by advertising), which is why these sorts of ideas are not very popular, but we should be able to see that in fact unbridled craving for things is ultimately weakening for the whole society: less essence, less spirit, less will.

This idea, that desire which is not skillfully controlled will easily drain jing/essence, also shows up the potential danger in the “Taoist sexual techniques” advocated by so many popular books — dangers in fact warned against for centuries by Daoists themselves. Thomas Cleary’s Sex, Health and Long Life provides a balanced introduction to the topic.

And how do we build up jing/essence, then? Well, how about a little peace and quiet, first …

Xiaoyao building up his jing/essence

Xiaoyao building up his jing/essence …

 

* 盖色之害人,甚于狼虎,败人美行,损人善事,亡精灭神,至于损躯,故为道人之大孽。

Two Letters of Liu Yiming

A letter in answer to General Su

Yesterday at the provincial capital  you honoured me with your elder presence and did not disdain the wilds of the mountains for our talk, and the [Daoist] mnemonic rhymes you passed on I have found very beneficial.

It is true when they say “when old friends meet, the warmth exceeds all class distinctions.”

When this patch-robed monk  was young, I had no discernment of what was deviant or correct. I would ask anyone and study anything, one day with Wang, another day with Li, a little bit of one thing then a little bit of something else.

Nothing came of this.

Then I met a Daoist who taught stillness techniques and …

Two Letters of Liu Yi Ming

(translated by Xiaoyao, these letters have, as far as we know, not been previously translated into English)

Only three sources of energy

People often ask why they are no longer as fertile as they were in their twenties. “I mean, I am only 35, its not like I’m old or anything. Why should I be less fertile than when I was 25, or even 20?”

In attempting to answer this question over the years, a diagram emerged (below) that illustrated the situation in financial terms. This seemed to be the most understandable for people. But just by the way it also illustrated the need for yang sheng practices: practices that nourish life, regular practices that reduce the leakage of jing, qi, and shen: vital essence, energy, and spirit.

 

Three Sources of Energy diagram
Air             from           Lungs
Income                                      Food and drink       from         Spleen

Inherited Trust Fund                 Inherited jing/essence         Kidneys

 

We have only three sources of energy: the air that we breath, the food that we eat, and the inherited jing/essence which is stored in the Kidneys. It is this last which supports our growth in our mother’s womb until we are born, and then continues to support the growth of the bones of our frame until we are more or less fully grown. This inherited jing/essence then turns into our own reproductive energy. Like a family trust fund passed down the generations, intended to be preserved and increased, the jing should be employed only for reproductive purposes or for emergencies, while we live day-to-day on our ‘income’: the air and food we take in.

But we don’t.

We, like little rich kids bedazzled with our wealth, spend beyond our income, and simply borrow from our trust fund whenever we need more energy  or simply want a ‘buzz’. This in fact is the tell-tale sign that we are borrowing from the Kidney jing: instead of the normal feeling of quietly sufficient energy, we get the fine tremor, the ‘rush’, and even occasionally palpitations and insomnia when we really overdo it.
Coffee and other stimulants do not give us energy, they simply facilitate a loan from the trust fund.
This trust fund is not bottomless, however, as much as it may seem so in our 20s: we begin to notice that our hair or skin is not so shiny or resilient, we don’t heal as well as before, and in fact, we are aging.

Shock.

It’s an even greater shock when (or more like ‘if’) we ever think through the consequences of the scenario:
a) We have never lived solely on our ‘income’, and b) We have been borrowing steadily from our trust fund, but c) This is now depleted, so d) We are forced to live on our income, but e) We still spend at the same rate.

No wonder things are breaking down! And they can only break down so far, before …

The Daoists, among others, very early on saw the way this scenario played out, and decided to take steps. Over the centuries they researched and developed a variety of methods for turning this process of depletion around, starting with reducing the loss of whatever jing/essence still remains, then starting to replace it.
Kidney jing/essence can be replaced, built up again, but it is a slow process because this energy is a reservoir of concentrated potential, whose main defining characteristic is accumulation in stillness, over a long period.

Unfortunately for us, stillness over any period of time is not a feature of Western society, and lest we be consumed in the fires of our own mad activity we desperately need to learn and practise these life nourishment techniques that the Daoists (and others) have developed and preserved for us, the later generations.

As the Daoists would say, if we can extend our lifespan we might have a chance of learning something worthwhile …